Who Decides How Militaries Use Commercial AI?

14.09.2026

Last week, Adv. May Har-Shai, a doctoral candidate at the Shamgar Center, presented her research at the international workshop Architectures of Opacity, held at Sciences Po Law School in Paris.
Her paper, The Governance of Military Access to Commercial AI, examines how technology companies, including OpenAI, Microsoft, Amazon, Google and Anthropic, regulate military uses of their systems through public policy documents.
At a time when states and militaries depend on private companies for core security capabilities, the research raises a central question: can private regulation fill the gaps left by domestic and international law?
The paper is part of May's doctoral research on the regulation of military technologies in the age of artificial intelligence. We are delighted that the research was presented on an international stage and for its contribution to the discussion at the intersection of law, technology and security.